Expo displays progress toward Google Lunar X Prize

A crowd of more than 150 students and faculty packed a lunar expo Thursday in Carnegie Mellon’s Planetary Robotics Lab that showcased the progress achieved toward winning the Google Lunar X Prize and creating a sustainable series of exploration missions.   The Astrobotic-led mission relies on the experience and technical prowess of the university’s Robotics Institute and the inspirations under development by the university’s Moon Arts group.

A test article for an attitude control system for the expedition's landing spacecraft is demonstrated by Heather Jones (right), observed by Prof. Lowry Burgess and a film crew from the Moon Arts group

One table at the expo displayed robot parts created at the university using composite materials; at top center is the project's vacuum chamber.

Caterpillar Inc. joins sponsors of first expedition

PITTSBURGH, PA – August 23, 2010 – Astrobotic Technology, a Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) spin-off company has announced that Caterpillar Inc. will be a sponsor its first robotic expedition to the lunar surface. The initial Astrobotic mission will revisit the Apollo 11 site in April 2013 with a five-foot tall, 160-lb. robot broadcasting 3D high-definition video. The mission will carry payloads to the Moon and convey the experience to the world via Internet video access.

The expedition also will claim a financial trifecta: up to $24 million in the Google Lunar X Prize, a $10 million data sale to NASA, and Florida’s $2 million bonus for launching from that state.

In 2007 Caterpillar sponsored Carnegie Mellon’s winning machine in the Urban Challenge, a competition for autonomous vehicles conducted by DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The sensors and code base developed for this race of driverless cars through city traffic are evolving into the guidance and control for the spacecraft that will take Astrobotic’s robot to the lunar surface.

“Caterpillar has enjoyed a successful relationship with Carnegie Mellon University over the last two decades. Our sponsorship of CMU’s winning machine in the 2007 Urban Challenge has served as a technology foundation for further work to automate our large mining trucks,” said Eric Reiners, Caterpillar Automation Systems Manager. “Our customers are moving to more remote and harsh environments. This drives the need for further development of autonomous and remote operation of equipment. We look forward to applying the technology developed and lessons learned from the Astrobotic expedition toward our own Cat equipment.”

Carnegie Mellon and Astrobotic have expended more than $3 million creating mission designs and prototype Moon robots engineered to operate during extreme heat — soil temperatures at the lunar equator hit 224 degrees F at noon.

“Operating during the Moon’s daytime heat is the central engineering challenge for lunar robots, and we will take advantage of Caterpillar’s experience with rugged electronics for harsh environments,” said Dr. Red Whittaker, director of CMU’s Field Robotics Center and founder of Astrobotic Technology.

Caterpillar’s experience in autonomous mining and construction machinery also will assist with learning how to “live off the land” using lunar resources. For example, polar ice deposits can be transformed into propellant to refuel spacecraft for their return to Earth, doubling their productivity. New NASA research shows that some of the polar ice (a mix of water, methane and other compounds) is covered by an insulating layer of dry soil that robotic excavators can remove to access the volatiles.

“Caterpillar makes sustainable progress possible by enabling infrastructure development and resource utilization on every continent on Earth. It only makes sense we would be involved expanding our efforts to the 8th continent, the Moon,” said Reiners.

Astrobotic has just completed the first phase of a NASA contract to design lightweight robotic excavators for this task (see http://astrobotic.net/activities/lunar-construction-research-completed).

About Astrobotic Technology:
A spin-off from Carnegie Mellon University founded in 2008, Astrobotic Technology sells data, delivers payloads, and performs services on the Moon for space agencies, companies, foundation-backed researchers, and the media/marketing industries. Its robotic expeditions start with an equatorial exploration of an Apollo site, claiming the Google Lunar X Prize and collecting data for space agencies. Subsequent expeditions will prospect for volatiles at the poles and excavate these resources so they can refuel spacecraft for return flights to Earth. It has completed two research contracts for NASA on robotic lunar construction and mining technology, and is working on a third contract for simulating the Moon’s one-sixth gravity on Earth with a portable apparatus. More information is available at astrobotic.net.

Spacecraft Attitude Control Passes Test

The Astrobotic Technology spacecraft employs small thrusters at each of its four corners to control its attitude, or pose in space, so that the main engine points in the right direction for its major burns and the spacecraft touches down cleanly. The video shows a reduced-size platform that demonstrates sensor fusion between inertial and absolute sensing has been achieved. The video closes with a scene showing the attitude returns to zero despite imparted disturbances.

To allow safe indoor test runs, compressed air jets are substituted for the fueled motors that will be used on the lander.

Pittsburgh Trib describes Astrobotic pursuit of $36M

Astrobotic’s initial Moon expedition now is racing for up to $36 million in rewards from NASA, the Google Lunar X Prize and the Florida launch bonus, as documented in today’s edition of the Pittsburgh Tribune Review: http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/pittsburgh/s_694317.html

Prototype rover tested on Pittsburgh slag heap

Astrobotic accepts NASA challenge for lunar expeditions

PITTSBURGH, PA – August 6, 2010 – Astrobotic Technology, a Carnegie Mellon University spin-off company devoted to robotic exploration of the Moon, announced that it will pursue NASA’s offer to buy up to $10 million in data from a commercial lunar lander mission. The space agency announced its Innovative Lunar Demonstrations Data (ILDD) program today with a total budget of $30 million.

The company’s first expedition will revisit Apollo 11 in April 2013 to claim a trifecta: up to $10 million in NASA data purchases, up to $24 million in the Google Lunar X Prize, and Florida’s $2 million bonus for launching from that state. The mission will connect the Internet to the Moon, deliver HD video in 3D, carry payloads and convey the experience to the world.

Carnegie Mellon and the company have expended more than $3 million creating prototype robots and mission designs following the 2007 announcement of the Google Lunar X Prize. The new NASA program to buy data from successful commercial landings will accelerate the company’s work on the spacecraft that will carry its robot down to the surface.

“The sensing devices and software needed for an automated lunar landing are evolving from our technologies for driving autonomous cars,” said Dr. William “Red” Whittaker, Astrobotic founder and director of CMU’s Field Robotics Center. “Much of the technology for winning DARPA’s Urban Challenge car race applies directly to lunar landing.”

Astrobotic Technology and CMU are now testing a prototype robot engineered to operate during extreme heat, and to survive lunar night. Soil temperatures at the lunar equator hit 224 degrees F at noon, cooking the rover from below as the Sun bakes it from above. The rover has a hot side with solar panels that it keeps pointed toward the Sun, and a cold side with a radiator that it keeps pointed at black sky. Cameras on top can turn 180 degrees so that operators on Earth can see the path ahead regardless of whether the rover is rolling forward away from the Sun or backward toward it. Lunar night is as cold as liquid nitrogen. Being able to survive lunar night extends the mission to another lunar day, and the Google competition pays a bonus for operating after enduring the night.

The rover weighs 160 lbs. and is about five feet tall. Its “Tranquility TrekTM ” mission to the Apollo 11 site is expected to last 10-12 days, until sunset cuts off solar power and the rover hibernates at temperatures expected to go as low as minus 298 degrees F. The robot will awake for further exploration two weeks later when the Sun rises, unless the extreme cold has damaged the electronics.

Subsequent AstroboticTM lunar expeditions will prospect for the water ice and other volatiles at the Moon’s poles, which can be transformed into propellant to refuel spacecraft for return flights to Earth, doubling the productivity of human missions. Astrobotic Technology has just completed the first phase of a NASA contract to design lightweight robotic excavators that can remove the dry insulating soil that covers some of  these valuable deposits.

“NASA is turning to companies like Astrobotic Technology and SpaceX to bring down the costs of space exploration,” said David Gump, Astrobotic’s president. “Along with lower costs, the private sector can create innovative events and promotions that involve the public, which is one of the factors that the NASA data buy wants to measure.”

The NASA announcement is available at http://procurement.jsc.nasa.gov/ildd/

“New Scientist” reports on Astrobotic expedition

NASA seeks secrets of commercial moon landers

August 9, 2010

By David Shiga

Swallowing its pride, NASA says it wants to learn from future commercial missions to the moon – and it is willing to pay up to $30 million for the privilege.

The space agency wants to take advantage of the flurry of activity sparked by the Google-funded Lunar X PrizeMovie Camera, says Michael Braukus, a spokesperson at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC.  MORE